from rest_framework import serializers, fields from apps.music.models import * class AlbumSerializer(serializers.Serializer): # 设置外键PrimaryKeyRelatedField artist = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(label='音乐家', queryset=Musician.objects.all(), many=False, allow_null=False) name = serializers.CharField(label='专辑名', required=True, max_length=10) # 修改字段名称并映射数据模型字段,source为指定模型的字段的字符串形式 publish_date = serializers.DateField(label='发行日期', required=False, source='Album.release_date') num_stars = serializers.IntegerField(label='好评度') class MusicianSerializer(serializers.Serializer): first_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=20, required=True) last_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=20, required=True) instrument = serializers.CharField(max_length=50) # 根据外键的关联关系,将AlbumNameSerializer做为扩展信息 album_musician = AlbumSerializer(many=True) # 重写create方法 def create(self, validated_data): albums_data = validated_data.pop('album_musician') musician = Musician.objects.create(**validated_data) # 插入专辑数据,artist为上一步中插入后返回的对象 for album in albums_data: Album.objects.create(artist=musician, **album) return musician def update(self, instance, validated_data): pass # class AlbumModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): # class Meta: # model = Album # fields = ('id', 'artist', 'name', 'release_date', 'num_stars') class MusicianModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): # album_musician = AlbumSerializer(read_only=True, many=True) # 定义只读外键字段后在fields中添加此键 album_musician = AlbumSerializer(many=True) # 定义只读外键字段后在fields中添加此键,如果需要写入create和update方法,则不应设置readonly class Meta: model = Musician fields = ('id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'instrument', 'album_musician') # 定义创建数据的方法,用于处理外键的存储 def create(self, validated_data): print(validated_data) albums_data = validated_data.pop('album_musician') # 将album_musician对应的数据取出,还原Musician的原始数据格式 musician = Musician.objects.create(**validated_data) # 将musician数据入库, 获取返回的musician_id print(musician) for album in albums_data: Album.objects.create(artist=musician, **album) # 遍历albums数据将数据入库 return musician # 定义创修改的方法,用于处理外键存储 def update(self, instance, validated_data): # instance为pk指定的数据库对象实例 print(instance) print(validated_data) albums_data_req = validated_data.pop('album_musician') # 将album_musician对应的数据取出,还原Musician的原始数据格式 albums_db = instance.album_musician.all() # 获取原始的album外键数据 albums_db = list(albums_db) print(albums_db) # 从validated_data中获取字段的值,如果没有获取到就取数据库实例的对应值,并且更新数据 instance.first_name = validated_data.get('first_name', instance.first_name) instance.last_name = validated_data.get('last_name', instance.last_name) instance.instrument = validated_data.get('instrument', instance.instrument) instance.save() # 更新album数据 for album_data_req in albums_data_req: album_db = albums_db.pop(0) album_db.name = album_data_req.get('name', album_db.name) album_db.release_date = album_data_req.get('release_date', album_db.release_date) album_db.num_stars = album_data_req.get('num_stars', album_db.num_stars) album_db.save() return instance