use general view for code reuse

polls/urls.py

@@ -3,10 +3,19 @@ from django.urls import path
 from . import views
 
 app_name = 'polls'
+# urlpatterns = [
+#     path('', views.index, name='index'),
+#     path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
+#     path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.result, name='result'),
+#     path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote')
+#
+# ]
+
+# 通用视图
 urlpatterns = [
-    path('', views.index, name='index'),
+    path('', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),
-    path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
+    path('<int:pk>/', views.DetailView.as_view(), name='detail'),
-    path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.result, name='result'),
+    path('<int:pk>/results/', views.ResultView.as_view(), name='result'),
     path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote')
 
 ]

polls/views.py

@@ -5,47 +5,67 @@ from django.http import Http404
 from .models import Choice, Question
 from django.template import loader
 from django.urls import reverse
+from django.views import generic
 
 
 # Create your views here.
 
-def index(request):
+# def index(request):
-    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
+#     latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
-    # output = ', '.join([q.question_text for q in latest_question_list])
+#     # output = ', '.join([q.question_text for q in latest_question_list])
-    # return HttpResponse(output)
+#     # return HttpResponse(output)
-    # 模板使用方式1
+#     # 模板使用方式1
-    # template = loader.get_template('index.html')
+#     # template = loader.get_template('index.html')
+#     # context = {
+#     #     'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
+#     # }
+#     # return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))
+#     # 模板使用方法2
 #     context = {
 #         'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
 #     }
-    # return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))
+#     return render(request, 'index.html', context)
-    # 模板使用方法2
+#
-    context = {
+#
-        'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
+# def detail(request, question_id):
-    }
+#     # return HttpResponse(f"You're looking at question {question_id}.")
-    return render(request, 'index.html', context)
+#     # 添加404页面展示 方式1
-
+#     # try:
-
+#     #     question = Question.objects.get(pk=question_id)
-def detail(request, question_id):
+#     #     context = {'question': question}
-    # return HttpResponse(f"You're looking at question {question_id}.")
+#     #     print(context)
-    # 添加404页面展示 方式1
+#     # except Question.DoesNotExist:
-    # try:
+#     #     raise Http404("Question does not exist")
-    #     question = Question.objects.get(pk=question_id)
+#     # return render(request, 'detail.html', context)
-    #     context = {'question': question}
+#
-    #     print(context)
+#     # 添加404页面展示 方式2
-    # except Question.DoesNotExist:
+#     question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
-    #     raise Http404("Question does not exist")
+#     return render(request, 'detail.html', {'question': question})
-    # return render(request, 'detail.html', context)
+#
-
+#
-    # 添加404页面展示 方式2
+# def result(request, question_id):
-    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
+#     question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
-    return render(request, 'detail.html', {'question': question})
+#     return render(request, 'results.html', {'question': question})
+#     # return HttpResponse(f"You're looking at the result of question {question_id}.")
 
+# 通用视图
 
-def result(request, question_id):
+class IndexView(generic.ListView):
-    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
+    template_name = 'index.html'
-    return render(request, 'results.html', {'question': question})
+    context_object_name = 'latest_question_list'
-    # return HttpResponse(f"You're looking at the result of question {question_id}.")
+
+    def get_queryset(self):
+        return Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
+
+
+class DetailView(generic.DetailView):
+    model = Question
+    template_name = 'detail.html'
+
+
+class ResultView(generic.DetailView):
+    model = Question
+    template_name = 'results.html'
 
 
 def vote(request, question_id):